Transportation System Analysis Of Sri Lanka Tourism Essay

Transportation System Analysis Of Sri Lanka Tourism Essay1. Canal enraptureation transcription was the most impressive and popular pane system in the world as well as in Sri Lanka before the road transportation by vehicles. During Dutch term they developed advance canal transportation system and substance ab utilisationd very effective and efficient way to fulfill their requirements.2. As a result of the industrialization, go industry and road net systems developed concurrently all over the world and it affected Sri Lanka as well. With that the road transportation became very popular. Due to the detail that it is very efficient comp be to canal transportation and ability to reach any need destinations.3. In the same condemnation population of the world excessively change magnitude gradually. Due to this peoples life style became complex and requirements increased. In the mean magazine urbanization was taken place with industrialization. This has affected to Sri Lanka and caused greater influence later on the introduction of open economy. Because of these reasons road ne dickensrk system reached its maximum capa urban center. After that nurture and expansion of roads were impossible especially in capital of Sri Lanka city subject field. But vehicle density on to the same actual roads was become more and more. As a result of this, road traffic increased drastically. This caused wastage of time on roads directly affecting productivity of our landed estate.4. Answer to time wastage on roads was introduction of canal transportation system with existing infrastructure. And how to initialize this facility in scientific way will be discussed in this interrogation. Also it was evident that the existing canal system could be apply in very efficient way to afore said requirement. Finally it was found out that wastage of time in capital of Sri Lanka city area can be arcminuteimized by utilise existing canal system with some limitation.IIICHAPTER I INTRODUCTION5. Thousands of people used to come from various places of the country to Colombo for different purposes. They waste lot of valuable and useful time on the way callable to limitation of transport facilities and complex road network system existing at present.25. The available highways are not able cater new coming vehicle to the roads and leads to wastage of time up to sterling(prenominal) extended. These roads are highly jammed during office and school time. Therefore it has to be eased up by canal transportation to lessen time and spending minimal expense and available resources. It is important to make the best use of existing infrastructure in preference to expansion, wherever practicable.6. During recent past Sri Lanka had good piss bone transport system available in Colombo area for transport men and material. This was very much significant during Dutch era. Therefore, it is evident that this method can be utilized even at present days with little modification to existing peeing system ways.7. In this look it is expected to prove that traffic conjunction in Colombo, can be over come by using existing canals system and can be minimize time wastage on roads. By using this existing canal system effective and efficient way, we can reduce the time for transportation in Colombo city.CHAPTER IIMETHODOLOGYSTUDY AREA8. The study area is identified and methodology employed for data collection to adjudge out to research on field visits and investigations, boat rides and collect relevant data, talking to Naval Personnel, people around the canals and bus passengers, data from the naval forces.9. The study area is demarcated from Kiralapone canal which starts from Diyawanna Oya and victuals from Kotte canal. This Kiralapone canal f low-downs and diverts into two and created Heen Ela from Rajagirya, then 1km down below it is created one more branch and made Dematagoda canal and Kiralapone canal flows further and again making two branches at Havel ock town and continue to Wellawatta and other one continue till Dehiwalla. The research was conducted by using cleared area of Wellawatta to Nawala canal. During site visits in two occasions, the following details are gathered and most of the measurements taken the Naval team available at the Canals. The Salient features are as follows.a. Length From Wellawatta to Nawala 1.8kmb. largeness 9 meters (mean Value)c. Depth 2.1 meters at high tide conditiond. Special feature At rains no tide difference take place grasp10. The canal transportation will reduce time and lead to ease up the road traffic at city centre, minimize pollution and helps to reduce respiratory deceases, attracts tourists to the city and make new ventures like boat building industry.11. This congested canals should be converted into scenic beauty for the city, avoid flood pickings place at city centre and protect flora and fauna belongs to these area. The recreational purposes besides can be achieved and it will support make wellness people at the city. This is one of the great opportunities to develop a social integration plan to evaluate living personals close to the canal area by them selves to value their life style. Another added advantage is to promote fishing among the people around the area.PROBLEM STATEMENT12. The available highways and road network system inefficient to cater new coming vehicle to the roads and leads to create heavy road traffic and hence it has happened to waste lots of time at the Colombo City.HYPOTHESIS13. Time factor can be reduced by using canal transportation spending minimal expense, with available resources and the best use of existing infrastructure.GENERAL OBJECTIVES14. During the research it is expected to find out that usage of canal for transportation will reduce time to move point A to point B, where canals are available.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES15. As a result of this canal transportation will reduce traffic over-crowding, improve environment condition each side of the canal, develop the boat industry and related other employment opportunities and improvement of this canal will help the reducing the flood affect in Colombo city.CHAPTER IIIBACKGROUND16. The good olden days canals were used for cultivation and irrigation work. The first recorded canal was built in Mesopotamia circa 4000 BC or modern day Iraq and Syria. The Indus Valley Civilization in Pakistan and North India (circa 2600 BC) had sophisticated irrigation and storage systems developed, including the reservoirs built at Garner in 3000 BC. In Egypt, canals date linchpin at least to the time of Pepi I Meryre (reigned 2332-2283 BC), who ordered a canal built to bypass the cataract on the Nile near Aswan.17. In ancient China, large canals for river transport were established as far back as the Warring States (481-221 BC), the longest one of that period being the Hong Gou (Canal of the Wild Geese), which according to the ancient historian Sima Qian machine-accessible th e old states of Song, Zhang, Chen, Cai, Cao, and Wei. By far the longest canal was the Grand Canal of China, still the longest canal in the world today. It is 1,794kilometres (1,115miles) long and was built to carry the Emperor Yang Guang between Beijing and Hangzhou. The project began in 605 and was completed in 609, although much of the work combined older canals, the oldest section of the canal existing since at least 486 BC. Even in its narrowest urban sections it is rarely less than 30metres (98ft) wide1.18. Canals were important for the industrial tuition. Thats why the great stimulus to canal systems came from the industrial Revolution with its need for cheap transport of raw materials and manufactured items.19. In Europe, particularly Britain and Ireland, and then in the young United States and the Canadian colonies, inland canals preceded the development of railroads during the earliest phase of the Industrial Revolution. The opening of the Sankey Canal in 1757, followed by the Bridgewater Canal in 1761, which halved the price of coal in Liverpool and Manchester, respectively, triggered a period of canal mania in Britain so that between 1760 and 1820 over one hundred canals were built.20. The history of canal transportation in Colombo City was started in Dutch era. It was exclusively used to transport goods from hinterland to coastal area by Paru (Small Vessel driven by manpower). This tremendous and environmental friendly transportation system is still used some areas of the country in smaller scale.21. After industrial revolution auto mobile transportation system became popular and with that development of road network system also took place. Presently human body of vehicles increased but road network system became limited due to space problem. This causes the traffic congestion especially in Colombo city and as a result, people waste their valuable and useful time in between their destinations. To cudgel this problem it can be used existing can al system for transportation men and material in Colombo city.22. Except Kirullapana Wellawatta canal, rest of the canals are still being used for water draining system of the Colombo city. However, recent past none of these canals have being properly maintained. Presently Sri Lanka Navy is undertaking to clean the Wellawatta canal, Dehiwella canal and Dematagoda canal.23. The Japan Jabara is the main dilemma which need permanent solution and should be removed 100% from the canals. If not it may leads to obviate operation due sudden engine failures2.24. The passenger transportation by boats in canal will reduce time and road traffic congestion at Colombo city. Also this may help cargo transportation by canal reducing road traffic in the city centre.Lt WPHE WIJAYALATH advocator No 10680CHAPTER IVDATA25. The available highways are not able cater new coming vehicle to the roads and leads to wastage of time up to greatest extended. These roads are highly jammed during office and scho ol time. Therefore it has to be eased up by canal transportation to reduce time and spending minimal expense and available resources. It is important to make the best use of existing infrastructure in preference to expansion, wherever practicable.26. In Colombo city traffic congestion depends upon place to place. Therefore it is important that identify those roads and get the overall picture about traffic congestion and use available canal system to minimize the time in effective way. occupation congestion roads are identified and details indicated down below.a. Galle road congestion is step up after Moratuwa and stagnated after Dehiwalab. High level road congestion is escalate after Maharagama and stagnated after Nugagoda.c. little level road congestion is intensified after Kaduwela and stagnated after Kotikawatta.d. Kaduwela road congestion is intensified after Malaba and stagnated after Battaramulla.e. Kandy road congestion is intensified after Kadawatha and stagnated after Kir ibathgoda.f. Negambo road congestion is intensified after Welisara and stagnated after Wattle.29. Traffic dataTraffic data within the canal corridor was taken from Road Development Authority (RDA) and it is tabulated below.LOCATIONDaily Traffic2002200320052010(projected)Dominos Pizza Sri Jpura Rd59408613216895785487Open University Nawala Rd29734306603454844648Wall Tiles Narahenpita20234207702390332705Apollo Hospital Base track Rd23849246323005936813Weaving Mills Havelock Rd48968502735624167309Wellawatte Bridge Galle Rd51298529375694160311Table 1Chart 139. Time taken to travel from Wellawatta to Diyawanna by various vehicles, within special time periods during a day.VEHICLESPECIAL TIME PERIODS OF THE DAY0630-0830hrs0830-1600hrs1600-1800hrs overt transport(bus)1hrs 15min1hrs1hrs 30minOfficial transport(van)45min35min50minPersonnel vehicle(car)45min35min50min locomote bike35min30min40min41. Time taken to travel from Wellawatta to Nawala by various vehicles, within special time periods during a day.VEHICLESPECIAL TIME PERIODS OF THE DAY0630-0830hrs0830-1600hrs1600-1800hrsPublic transport(bus)1hrs50min1hrs 10minOfficial transport(van)50min40min1hrsPersonnel vehicle(car)50min40min1hrsMotor bike40min30min45minCANALS AND DETAILS30. Wellawatte Canal The canal 1.8 km in length, and 25 meters wide and the banks are strengthening by Gabion Boxes, steel sheets and Masonry wall. The open side to the sea is protected by two jetties preventing the formation of a sandbar. Some times canal mouth is stuck by sand due monsoons rains and wind. However it is not created flood hazard for the city centre. On other way this is the most important path way to discharge and regulate water when flood occurred at the City. The canal passes through a residential area and giving fabulous scenic beauty to residence over there. This is fully cleaned and dredged by the Navy and transportation is taking place by the Naval Dingy Boats. inside information are as follows.a. Morning starts from We llawatta 0730 hrs to 0930 hrsb. Evening starts at Open University, Nawala 1600 hrs to 1800 hrsc. FGD (Fiber frappe Dingy) is propelled by 40 Horse Power of Out Board Motors (OBM) using to transport 08 passengers at a time.d. 2.4 liters of fuel burns for the Journeye. Depth of water at centre 2.1 meters at high tidef. People around area are highly supporting the project and putting garbage to the canal is very minimal at the moment.35. Dehiwalla Canal The canal 3.7 km in length, and 10 meters wide and the banks are strengthening by Gabion Boxes, Steel sheets and Masonry wall. The surrounding area is highly polluted and after putting tremendous effort by the Navy 3.2 km totally cleaned up to 01st July 2010 and rest of the distance in progress. Details are as follows.a. Depth of water at centre 2.7 meters at high tide (as per 01st July 2010)b. Cleaning is taking placed from both the side of the canal.Banks should be strengthen in some places38. Dematagoda Canal -The canal 8.6 km in length, and 10 meters wide and the banks are strengthening by Gabion Boxes, Steel sheets and Masonry wall. This is already cleaned up to Royal Park by the Navy.TIME TAKEN TO TRAVEL BY BOATFROMTOTIME DURATIONWellawattaNawala15 minWellawattaDiyawanna(Battaramulla)30 min40. some Rs. 26.00 will cost to travel from Wellawatta to Diyawanna (Baththaramulla) and Wellawatta to Nawala Rs. 22.00 by public transport (bus) according to present condition.DETAILS ABOUT CANALSUnder mentioned details of canals also have to take care to improve time and to continue with transportation.31. Work Scope and act Plan for the Rehabilitation / Maintenance of Wellawatta Canal32. General Details are as follows.a. positive length 1.8 kmb. Side wall height from water line 5-7c. Depth of water at center 1 meter at low tide conditiond. Width 8 to 10 meterse. Middle of the canal itself and surrounding area was highly polluted and congested and cleaned by the Sri Lanka Navy.34. Renovating and cleaning is in progressed and contributing lot from the Navy.a. Vegetation is already removed by the Navy and cleaned the surroundings more 90%.Japan Jabara was removed and two branches of Bodi trees at the banks should be sharpened up to avoid disturbance while boats moving.Dredging should be done very sensitive and systematic way considering tide factor.d. Gabion boxes are not the moldiness for each and every place of the banks and ensure to get quick-witted advice from the civil engineers on this matter and renovation should be done accordingly.36. Work Scope and Action Plan for the Rehabilitation / Maintenance of Dehiwala Canal General Details are as follows.a. Total length 3.7 kmb. Side wall height from water line 5-7c. Depth of water at centre 2 3d. Width 8 to 10 meterse. Middle of the canal itself and surrounding area is highly polluted and congested and Navy is almost cleaned 3.2 km up to 01st July 2010.37. Renovating and cleaning is in progressed by Navy team.Need to be removed vegetation at banks.Transfer removed vegetation from the site.c. Take out and transfer floating garbage at the middle of the canal by Floating JCB (Backhoe loader) or Pontoon JCB.Dredging should be done very sensitive and systematic way considering tide factor.Gabion boxes are not the must for each and every place of the banks and ensure to get expert advice from the civil engineers on this matter and renovation should be done accordingly.MISCELLANEOUS FACTORS26. The boat and height factor of the bridges to be highly considered when concidering time and required to go through following tabulated details.BridgeMinimum Vertical Clearance in metersRainy DaysAt High TideAt Low TideEthul Kotte Pizza0.92.562.85Water Line KotteAbove 3 metersAbove 4-5 metersAbove 4-5 metersOpen University Gate No -010.51.72Open University Gate No -020.41.82.1Railway BridgeAbove 3 metersAbove 5 metersAbove 5 metersBaseline Road at Polhangoda0.6 meters22.2Havlock Town Bridge0.82.12.3duplication Road Bridge233 .3Gall RoadAbove 3 metersAbove 4 metersAbove 4 metersNote This was for Fiber drinking glass Dingy and More capacity boat clearance will be lesser than this and give endanger for passengers in high tide conditions. In showery days this will able to work out.BUS PASSENGERS INTERVIEW43. The bus passengers interview were carried out to identify bus passengers travel patterns and transferring locations including office and school time. And also to whether they are ready take up new transport mode or not. The details were gathered from people at the bus stops and the stands. vision LocationNumber of PassengersRemarksWellawatta5 have to go by boatHavlock Town10Ready to go by boatNawala10Ready to go by boatRajagiriya5Ready to go by boatBattaramulla5Ready to go by boatBase line road6Ready to go by boatPRESENT DEVELOPMENTS25. The Sri Lanka Navy is started the commuter service for Open University students for free of cost by using Fibre Glass Dingy from Wellawatta to Nawala. It is already m ade huge impact to the society and urged people to think on this fabulous environmental friendly transportation service. Due more response from the people of the society, the Navy is trying to enhanced commuter service introducing more capacity for this event. The Navy engineers were already trailed 21 number passenger capacity boats with three different types of (Out Board Motor) OBM and identified the most suitable one. The trail details are as follows.Out Board Motors115hp75hp40hpNo of Passengers212121Approx. Time taken (From Nawala to Wellawatte)17 Min15 Min15 MinFuel consumption6 ltrs4 ltrs3 ltrsAverage cost (Rs)35.7124.7618.00TABLE-1CHAPTER VANALYSIS25. According to the hypothesis time taken by canal transportation suppose to be lesser than road transportation. Following data can be use to analyse the condition.From Wellawatta to Diyawanna (Battaramulla)Public transport(bus)1hrs 15min1hrs1hrs 30minAverage time taken by bus = (1hrs 15min + 1hrs + 1hrs 30min)3= 1 hrs 15minAverag e time taken by boat = 30 minTime difference = 1hrs 15 min 30 min= 45 min======From Wellawatta to NawalaPublic transport(bus)1hrs50min1hrs 10minAverage time taken by bus = (1hrs + 50 min + 1hrs 10min)3= 1 hrsAverage time taken by boat = 15 minTime difference = 1hrs- 15min= 45 min======